PERBANDINGAN KADAR FLAVONOID TOTAL EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAN EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT DAUN PATIKAN KEBO (Euphorbia hirta L.) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36656/qrt6wx80Keywords:
Euphorbia hirta L., total flavonoid content, 70% ethanol, ethyl acetate, UV-Visible spectrophotometry.Abstract
Euphorbia hirta L. is a medicinal plant containing flavonoid compounds with potential antioxidant activity. The polarity of the extraction solvent affects the extraction efficiency of flavonoid compounds, resulting in differences in the total flavonoid content. This study aimed to compare the total flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate extract of Euphorbia hirta L. leaves using the UV-Visible spectrophotometric method. This experimental study began with the extraction of the plant material by maceration using 70% ethanol and ethyl acetate as extraction solvents. The obtained extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, determination of total flavonoid content using quercetin as the reference standard, and method validation, including linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). The phytochemical screening results showed that both extracts were positive for flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids, but negative for alkaloids. The result of the study showed that the maximum absorption wavelength of the quercetin–AlCl₃ complex was found to be 433 nm. The method validation met the required criteria, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.993, accuracy (%Recovery) ranging from 94.6% to 96.9%, precision (%RSD) ranging from 0.43% to 1.82%, an LOD of 0.117 μg/mL, and an LOQ of 0.390 μg/mL. The total flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol extract was 4.92%, which was higher than that of the ethyl acetate extract (4.08%). It can be concluded that the 70% ethanol extract was more effective than the ethyl acetate extract in extracting the total flavonoids from Euphorbia hirta L. leaves using the UV-Visible spectrophotometric method. The finding suggested that further research should be conducted using other analytical methods, such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), to identify and quantify individual flavonoid compounds more specifically and accurately.
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