FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA KOINFEKSI TB PARU PADA PASIEN HIV/AIDS DI PUSKESMAS KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2021-2024

Abstract

HIV and TB are public health issues that influence each other. Of all districts or
cities in Jambi Province, Jambi City contributes the highest number of tuberculosis
cases, accounting for 24.38% of all cases in Jambi Province. The total number of
TB co-infection cases in HIV patients in Jambi City in 2021-2024 is 57 cases. If
this situation continues, there will be even more deaths caused by TB coinfection
cases in HIV patients, as HIV patients with TB coinfection have a 1.8 times higher
risk of death compared to TB-free patients who are not infected with HIV. This
study aims to analyze the risk factors for pulmonary TB coinfection in HIV/AIDS
patients at the Jambi City Community Health Center from 2021 to 2024. The
research method used was quantitative with a case-control study design. The
population in this study consisted of all HIV/AIDS patients with pulmonary TB
coinfection (cases) and all HIV/AIDS patients (controls) at the Jambi City
Community Health Center who had cases in 2021-2024, with a total sample of 114
patients. The sampling technique used was Health Facility Base Sampling. Data
analysis used the Chi-Square test and Logistic Regression. Statistical test results
showed that the variables associated with the incidence of TB-HIV coinfection were
gender (p= 0.039), contact history (p= 0.001), and occupation (p= 0.012). The
conclusion of this study is that gender, contact history, and occupation are
associated with the risk factors for pulmonary TB coinfection in HIV/AIDS patients
at the Jambi City Community Health Center from 2021 to 2024. Community health
centers need to optimize contact screening and monitoring of HIV patients with
significant risk factors and further research is needed to explore other variables that
may influence TB coinfection in HIV patients.