HUBUNGAN UMUR DAN FAKTOR PREDISPOSISI DENGAN INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RSUP H. ADAM MALIK MEDAN
Keywords:
Urinary Tract Infection, Age, Risk Factors, Diabetes Mellitus, HIV, Kidney Disease, Autoimmune Disorders.
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often found in hospitalized patients, with several health conditions potentially playing a role. This study explores whether factors like age, diabetes (DM), HIV, kidney issues, and autoimmune diseases are linked to UTIs in patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan. Methods, Using a cross-sectional design, data were gathered from 59 UTI patients in the hospital. Researchers reviewed their age and health status—including DM, HIV, kidney disease, and autoimmune conditions—and used Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact tests to check for any associations. Results, No significant connections were identified between UTIs and any of the examined factors, including age (p=0.869), DM, HIV, kidney disease, or autoimmune disorders. The presence or absence of these conditions did not notably affect UTI occurrence. Conclusion, This study found that common risk factors like age and certain chronic diseases do not significantly impact UTI rates among patients in this hospital. These insights can help guide future UTI prevention efforts in clinical settings.
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2012). Urinary tract infections: Symptoms, causes, and prevention. CDC Guidelines, 12-14.
Chao, C. K., et al. (2021). The effect of diabetes mellitus on urinary tract infections in elderly patients: A comprehensive study. Geriatric Medicine Journal, 39(1), 85-91.
Coetzer, M. (2004). Renal infection and its management. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 19(2), 334-340.
Coetzer, M. (2004). Urinary tract infections in patients with kidney disease: Pathogenesis and management. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 19(3), 122-126.
Elben, D., et al. (2009). The relationship between age and urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients. Journal of Urology, 43(3), 188-193.
Fajarina Nurin. (2021). The role of autoimmune diseases in the incidence of urinary tract infections. Autoimmune Disorders Journal, 34(5), 98-102.
Flores-Mireles, A. L., et al. (2000). Urinary tract infections: Epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 14(4), 599-610.
Funstuck, A., et al. (2012). Diabetes mellitus and recurrent urinary tract infections: Clinical guidelines and treatment strategies. Clinical Diabetes, 30(2), 72-76.
Gardner, T. A., et al. (2014). Preval_ence of urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients: A survey. American Journal of Infection Control, 42(8), 873-878.
Ginting, A. P., et al. (2018). Preval_ence and microbial agents of urinary tract infections in RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan. Indonesian Journal of Urology, 22(3), 184-189.
Haque, M., et al. (2018). Urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients: A clinical review. Asian Pacific Journal of Infection Control, 9(4), 118-121.
He, Q., et al. (2018). Diabetes and urinary tract infections: A review of the literature. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2018, 9135941.
Hidalgo, A., et al. (2004). The association between autoimmune diseases and urinary tract infections: A review. Autoimmunity Journal, 25(4), 211-215.
Hsiao, H. Y., et al. (2014). Chronic kidney disease and urinary tract infections: A retrospective study. Nephrology Journal, 35(5), 602-607.
Kim, C. L. (2012). Sexual activity and urinary tract infections: A comprehensive review. International Journal of Urology, 18(4), 336-340.
Kleinpell, R. M., et al. (2005). The epidemiology of urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients. Critical Care Medicine, 33(6), 1343-1347.
Lammers, J. W., et al. (2001). Urinary tract infections and chronic kidney disease: A retrospective study. Journal of Kidney and Urological Research, 29(6), 211-215.
Lawindi, J., et al. (2014). Diabetes and its impact on the occurrence of urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 41(3), 190-195.
Lewis, J., et al. (2014). Age-related changes in urinary tract infections and the immune system. Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 27(1), 102-107.
Muhammad Zadeh, P., et al. (2012). Influence of blood sugar control on the incidence of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients. Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 26(3), 121-125.
Negara, H., et al. (2018). Microbial agents causing urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 11(2), 210-214.
Nicolle, L. E., et al. (2005). Urinary tract infections in adults: diagnosis and management. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 173(5), 455-462.
Odoki, M., et al. (2019). Diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infections: The connection and implications. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 19(1), 23-27.
Potter, J. (2013). Diabetes and recurrent urinary tract infections: A review of prevention and treatment options. Journal of Diabetes Research, 12(4), 215-220.
Putra, D. (2017). The impact of age on the incidence of urinary tract infections: A hospital-based study. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 17(4), 237-240.
Putra, P. P. (2015). The relationship between diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infections in hospital patients. Indonesian Journal of Internal Medicine, 22(2), 114-118.
Rose, B. (2009). The role of perineal hygiene in urinary tract infections: A clinical perspective. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(5), 1007-1012.
Scrzat-Kalapaczynska, M., et al. (2018). The impact of HIV on the incidence of urinary tract infections: A clinical approach. Journal of HIV and Infectious Diseases, 29(2), 245-250.
Sholihah, N. (2017). Age as a risk factor for urinary tract infections: A clinical study in a tertiary hospital. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Medicine, 25(2), 142-148.
Smeltzer, S. C. (2008). Diabetes and urinary tract infections: A review of the literature. American Journal of Nursing, 108(2), 66-69.
Stamm, W. E., et al. (2001). Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 15(3), 1019-1034.
Sukandar, A. (2006). Urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients. Journal of Hospital Infection, 64(3), 314-319.
Wilson, M. L., & Gaido, L. (2004). Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections in adult patients. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 38(8), 1150-1158.
Chao, C. K., et al. (2021). The effect of diabetes mellitus on urinary tract infections in elderly patients: A comprehensive study. Geriatric Medicine Journal, 39(1), 85-91.
Coetzer, M. (2004). Renal infection and its management. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 19(2), 334-340.
Coetzer, M. (2004). Urinary tract infections in patients with kidney disease: Pathogenesis and management. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 19(3), 122-126.
Elben, D., et al. (2009). The relationship between age and urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients. Journal of Urology, 43(3), 188-193.
Fajarina Nurin. (2021). The role of autoimmune diseases in the incidence of urinary tract infections. Autoimmune Disorders Journal, 34(5), 98-102.
Flores-Mireles, A. L., et al. (2000). Urinary tract infections: Epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 14(4), 599-610.
Funstuck, A., et al. (2012). Diabetes mellitus and recurrent urinary tract infections: Clinical guidelines and treatment strategies. Clinical Diabetes, 30(2), 72-76.
Gardner, T. A., et al. (2014). Preval_ence of urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients: A survey. American Journal of Infection Control, 42(8), 873-878.
Ginting, A. P., et al. (2018). Preval_ence and microbial agents of urinary tract infections in RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan. Indonesian Journal of Urology, 22(3), 184-189.
Haque, M., et al. (2018). Urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients: A clinical review. Asian Pacific Journal of Infection Control, 9(4), 118-121.
He, Q., et al. (2018). Diabetes and urinary tract infections: A review of the literature. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2018, 9135941.
Hidalgo, A., et al. (2004). The association between autoimmune diseases and urinary tract infections: A review. Autoimmunity Journal, 25(4), 211-215.
Hsiao, H. Y., et al. (2014). Chronic kidney disease and urinary tract infections: A retrospective study. Nephrology Journal, 35(5), 602-607.
Kim, C. L. (2012). Sexual activity and urinary tract infections: A comprehensive review. International Journal of Urology, 18(4), 336-340.
Kleinpell, R. M., et al. (2005). The epidemiology of urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients. Critical Care Medicine, 33(6), 1343-1347.
Lammers, J. W., et al. (2001). Urinary tract infections and chronic kidney disease: A retrospective study. Journal of Kidney and Urological Research, 29(6), 211-215.
Lawindi, J., et al. (2014). Diabetes and its impact on the occurrence of urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 41(3), 190-195.
Lewis, J., et al. (2014). Age-related changes in urinary tract infections and the immune system. Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 27(1), 102-107.
Muhammad Zadeh, P., et al. (2012). Influence of blood sugar control on the incidence of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients. Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 26(3), 121-125.
Negara, H., et al. (2018). Microbial agents causing urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 11(2), 210-214.
Nicolle, L. E., et al. (2005). Urinary tract infections in adults: diagnosis and management. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 173(5), 455-462.
Odoki, M., et al. (2019). Diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infections: The connection and implications. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 19(1), 23-27.
Potter, J. (2013). Diabetes and recurrent urinary tract infections: A review of prevention and treatment options. Journal of Diabetes Research, 12(4), 215-220.
Putra, D. (2017). The impact of age on the incidence of urinary tract infections: A hospital-based study. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 17(4), 237-240.
Putra, P. P. (2015). The relationship between diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infections in hospital patients. Indonesian Journal of Internal Medicine, 22(2), 114-118.
Rose, B. (2009). The role of perineal hygiene in urinary tract infections: A clinical perspective. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(5), 1007-1012.
Scrzat-Kalapaczynska, M., et al. (2018). The impact of HIV on the incidence of urinary tract infections: A clinical approach. Journal of HIV and Infectious Diseases, 29(2), 245-250.
Sholihah, N. (2017). Age as a risk factor for urinary tract infections: A clinical study in a tertiary hospital. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Medicine, 25(2), 142-148.
Smeltzer, S. C. (2008). Diabetes and urinary tract infections: A review of the literature. American Journal of Nursing, 108(2), 66-69.
Stamm, W. E., et al. (2001). Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 15(3), 1019-1034.
Sukandar, A. (2006). Urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients. Journal of Hospital Infection, 64(3), 314-319.
Wilson, M. L., & Gaido, L. (2004). Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections in adult patients. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 38(8), 1150-1158.
Published
2025-05-08
Section
Articles
